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Georeferencing is the process of aligning spatial data (layers that are shape files: polygons, points, etc.) to an image file such as an historical map, satellite image, or aerial photograph. This document describes the basic steps for Georeferencing an image using ArcGIS.*
Add
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an Image to the Map Project
- Click on View → Toolbars → Georeferencing
- Add a Georeferenced Basemap to your new Map Project. We recommend adding the ESRI Imagery World 2D Map or ESRI Street Map World 2D from the ESRI servers.Add the image you want to Georeference to your map project.
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Note: it is a good idea to zoom in on your image when adding control points for better accuracy.*
- Add a Georeferenced Basemap to your new Map Project. We recommend adding the ESRI Imagery World 2D Map or ESRI Street Map World 2D from the ESRI servers.
- In the Table of Contents, drag the Basemap below the image you are georeferencing. That will allow you to see the image superimposed on the Basemap.
- Select the Add Control Points button
Add Control Points Button - Left click on a known point on the image. This will place a cross mark on that location.
- Left click on the matching control point in your Basemap. This will 'move' the image and better align the control points.
- Repeat this step with each control point.
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