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                                      6. I have reasons to deny p.

Realtive Relative to asserting p, 2 is stronger than 3, and 1 is stronger than 2. Similarly, relative to denying p, 5 is stronger than 4, and 6 is stronger than 5.

By "stronger than" I mean "requires more or better reasons than." Thus to assert p requires having more or better reasons than not to deny p, which itself require.s requires having more or better reasons than having no reasons to deny p. And so, too, with denying p, which requires having more or better reasons than not to assert p, which itself requires having more or better reasons than having no reasons to assert p.

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