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Brümmer argues that "two factual presuppositions are constitutive of all prescriptives. First, every prescriptive is based on the presupposition that the hearer is free (and therefore able) to do or decline to do what is requested of him. 'Ought' implies freedom. Second, every prescriptive is based on the presupposition that there is an (often unspoken) 'convention' or 'agreement' subscribed to by both the speaker and his hearer and obliging the hearer to do what is requested of him" (Theology and Philosophical Inquiry 112).

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