By Schubert Ogden
According to Bochenski, there are not only the two kinds of independent ideal constructs that he calls "propositions" (die Sätze) and "instructions" (die Weisungen), but also a third kind that -- following John Austin -- he calls "performatives" (die Performative) (79). Whereas a proposition expresses what there is, and an instruction expresses what one should do, a performative effects what it means.
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